Brand awareness and purchase intention in the age of digital communication: A moderated mediation model of celebrity endorsement and consumer attitude

Farhina Hameed 1 * , Ishtiaq Ahmed Malik 2, Noor Ul Hadi 3, Muhammad Ali Raza 4
More Detail
1 Faculty of Management Sciences, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, PAKISTAN
2 Department of Management Sciences, University of Chakwal, Chakwal, PAKISTAN
3 College of Business Administration, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al-Khobar, SAUDI ARABIA
4 Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, PAKISTAN
* Corresponding Author
Online Journal of Communication and Media Technologies, Volume 13, Issue 2, Article No: e202309. https://doi.org/10.30935/ojcmt/12876
OPEN ACCESS   6291 Views   10030 Downloads   Published online: 25 Jan 2023
Download Full Text (PDF)

ABSTRACT

The proliferation of technology in today’s world has led consumers to gain insight into brands via digital communication and shape their purchase intentions accordingly. However, brand awareness alone might not be sufficient to enhance consumers’ purchase intentions in the age of digital communication. Therefore, to paint a more comprehensive picture of this relationship, the paper seeks to address how and when does brand awareness lead to purchase intention in the age of digital communication? Based on the quantitative design, 208 responses conveniently collected were analyzed, and PLS-SEM was employed to examine the hypothesized relationships. The study clarifies empirically the indirect effect of brand awareness, consumer attitude, and purchase intention in the age of digital communication. The study also provides new insights into the moderated-meditation relationship, results indicate that brand awareness in the presence of celebrity endorsement will develop a positive attitude that will positively affect purchase intention. The findings of the study not only contribute to advancing the mediating effect of consumer attitude but also verify the buffering role of celebrity endorsement. In conclusion, companies that use digital communication technologies and take into consideration celebrities who are well-liked by the target market may be able to attract consumers’ attention, shape attitude, and influence them to make a purchase. In the end, both theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

CITATION

Hameed, F., Malik, I. A., Hadi, N. U., & Raza, M. A. (2023). Brand awareness and purchase intention in the age of digital communication: A moderated mediation model of celebrity endorsement and consumer attitude. Online Journal of Communication and Media Technologies, 13(2), e202309. https://doi.org/10.30935/ojcmt/12876

REFERENCES

  • Ahmad, A., Malik, O. M., Hadi, N. U., & Gaadar, K. (2016). Barriers of online shopping in developing countries: Case study of Saudi Arabia. European Academic Research, 3(12), 12957-12971.
  • Ahmad, A., & Hadi, N. U. (2020). Impact of digitization on consumer buying behavior with respect to consumer demographic factors. Foundation University Journal of Business & Economics, 5(1), 15-30.
  • Abima, B., Engotoit, B., Kituyi, G. M., Kyeyune, R., & Koyola, M. (2021). Relevant local content, social influence, digital literacy, and attitude toward the use of digital technologies by women in Uganda. Gender, Technology and Development, 25(1), 87-111. https://doi.org/10.1080/09718524.2020.1830337
  • Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational behavior and human decision processes, 50(2), 179-211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
  • Akbari, M. (2015). Different impacts of advertising appeals on advertising attitude for high and low involvement products. Global Business Review, 16(3), 478-493. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150915569936
  • Amaliah, R. R., Jusni, J., & Munir, A. R. (2020). The influence of lifestyle, motivation, perception and attitude toward the purchase decision of ecofriendly environment straw (Case study on the management students of Hasanuddin University). Hasanuddin Journal of Applied Business and Entrepreneurship, 3(2), 93-104. https://doi.org/10.26487/hjabe.v3i2.326
  • Apejoye, A. (2013). Influence of celebrity endorsement of advertisement on students’ purchase intention. Journal of Mass Communicatication & Journalism, 3(152), 2. https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7912.1000152
  • Atkin, C., & Block, M. (1983). Effectiveness of celebrity endorsers. Journal of advertising research.
  • Azzari, V., & Pelissari, A. (2020). Does brand awareness influences purchase intention? The mediation role of brand equity dimensions. Brazilian Business Review, 17(6), 669-685. https://doi.org/10.15728/bbr.2020.17.6.4
  • Cassar, M. L., Caruana, A., & Konietzny, J. (2021). Facts or story? The impact of website content on narrative believability and purchase intention. Journal of Marketing Communications, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1080/13527266.2021.1929408
  • Chin, W. W. (1998). The partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling. Modern methods for Business Research, 295(2), 295-336.
  • Chu, S. C., & Chen, H. T. (2019). Impact of consumers’ corporate social responsibility‐related activities in social media on brand attitude, electronic word‐of‐mouth intention, and purchase intention: A study of Chinese consumer behavior. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 18(6), 453-462. https://doi.org/10.1002/cb.1784
  • Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Erlbaum.
  • Corneille, O., & Stahl, C. (2019). Associative attitude learning: A closer look at evidence and how it relates to attitude models. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 23(2), 161-189. https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868318763261
  • Coursaris, C. K., Van Osch, W., & Balogh, B. A. (2016, January). Do Facebook likes lead to shares or sales? Exploring the empirical links between social media content, brand equity, purchase intention, and engagement. In 2016 49th Hawaii international conference on system sciences (HICSS) (pp. 3546-3555). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2016.444
  • Dabbous, A., & Barakat, K. A. (2020). Bridging the online offline gap: Assessing the impact of brands’ social network content quality on brand awareness and purchase intention. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 53, 101966. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2019.101966
  • Dewi, C. K., Mohaidin, Z., & Murshid, M. A. (2020). Determinants of online purchase intention: a PLS-SEM approach: Evidence from Indonesia. Journal of Asia Business Studies. https://doi.org/10.1108/JABS-03-2019-0086
  • Duffett, R. (2020). The YouTube marketing communication effect on cognitive, affective and behavioral attitudes among Generation Z consumers. Sustainability, 12(12), 5075. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12125075
  • Febrian, A., & Fadly, M. (2021). Brand trust as celebrity endorser marketing moderator’s role. Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 19(1), 207-216. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jam.2021.019.01.19
  • Ferdous, M. Z., Islam, M. S., Sikder, M. T., Mosaddek, A. S. M., Zegarra-Valdivia, J. A., & Gozal, D. (2020). Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding COVID-19 outbreak in Bangladesh: An online-based cross-sectional study. PloS One, 15(10), e0239254. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239254
  • Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Algebra and statistics. 382-388. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800313
  • Foroudi, P. (2019). Influence of brand signature, brand awareness, brand attitude, brand reputation on hotel industry’s brand performance. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 76, 271-285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2018.05.016
  • Ghosh, T., Sreejesh, S., & Dwivedi, Y. K. (2021). Examining the deferred effects of gaming platform and game speed of advergames on memory, attitude, and purchase intention. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 55, 52-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intmar.2021.01.002
  • Gogoi, B. (2013), Study of antecedents of purchase intention and its effect on brand loyalty of private label brand of apparel, International Journal of Sales & Marketing, 3(2), 73-86.
  • Ha, N. M., & Lam, N. H. (2016). The effects of celebrity endorsement on customers’ attitude toward brand and purchase intention. International Journal of Economics and Finance, 9(1), 64-77. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v9n1p64
  • Hadi, N. U., Abdullah, N., & Santosa, I. (2016b). Making sense of mediating analysis: A marketing perspective. Review of integrative Business & Economics, 5(2), 62-76.
  • Hadi, N. U. (2022). Specifying the Problem of Measurement Models Misspecification in Management Sciences Literature. Journal of International Cooperation and Development, 5(3), 91-100. https://doi.org/10.36941/jicd-2022-0015
  • Hadi, N. U., & Aslam, N. (2023). Demographic factors and consumer attitude towards unsolicited mobile-based marketing messages: A factorial design. Online Journal of Communication and Media Technologies, 13(1), e202302. https://doi.org/10.30935/ojcmt/12784
  • Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2014). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling. Thousand Oaks: Sage.
  • Hair, J. F., Ortinau, D. J., & Harrison, D. E. (2010). Essentials of marketing research (Vol. 2). McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
  • Hameed, F., & Qayyum, A. (2018). Determinants of behavioral intention towards mobile learning in Pakistan: Mediating role of attitude. Business and Economic Review, 10(1), 33-61. https://doi.org/10.22547/BER/10.1.2
  • Hameed, F., Qayyum, A., & Khan, F. A. (2022). A new trend of learning and teaching: Behavioral intention towards mobile learning. Journal of Computers in Education. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40692-022-00252-w
  • Hani, S., Marwan, A., & Andre, A. (2018). The effect of celebrity endorsement on consumer behavior: Case of the Lebanese jewelry industry. Arab Economic and Business Journal, 13(2), 190-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aebj.2018.11.002
  • Huang, C. Y., Chou, C. J., & Lin, P. C. (2010). Involvement theory in constructing bloggers’ intention to purchase travel products. Tourism Management, 31(4), 513-526. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2009.06.003
  • Hung, K., Chan, K. W., & Caleb, H. T. (2011). Assessing celebrity endorsement effects in China: A consumer-celebrity relational approach. Journal of advertising research, 51(4), 608-623. https://doi.org/10.2501/JAR-51-4-608-623
  • Irshad, M., & Ahmad, M. S. (2019). Investigating the determinants of consumers attitude towards social media marketing: Moderating role of gender. Online Journal of Communication and Media Technologies, 9(4), e201920. https://doi.org/10.29333/ojcmt/5865
  • Kim, D. K., & Kim, M. (2016). Influence of brand awareness and brand attitude on purchase. Journal of Marketing Thought, 3(1), 16-27.
  • Kim, S. H., & Seock, Y. K. (2019). The roles of values and social norm on personal norms and pro-environmentally friendly apparel product purchasing behavior: The mediating role of personal norms. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 51, 83-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2019.05.023
  • Kwon, J., & Ahn, J. (2020). The effect of green CSR skepticism on positive attitude, reactance, and behavioral intention. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTI-05-2020-0074
  • Lee, E. B., Lee, S. G., & Yang, C. G. (2017). The influences of advertisement attitude and brand attitude on purchase intention of smartphone advertising. Industrial Management & Data Systems. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMDS-06-2016-0229
  • Malik, I. A., & Hadi, N. U. (2019). Inspirational factors of electronic word of mouth: A case of social networking sites. Journal of Managerial Sciences, 13(2), 253-254.
  • McClure, C., & Seock, Y. K. (2020). The role of involvement: Investigating the effect of brand’s social media pages on consumer purchase intention. Journal of retailing and consumer services, 53, 101975. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2019.101975
  • Min, J. H. J., Chang, H. J. J., Jai, T. M. C. (2019). The effects of celebrity-brand congruence and publicity on consumer attitudes and buying behavior. Fash Text 6, 10 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40691-018-0159-8
  • Nguyen, N. T. (2021). The influence of celebrity endorsement on young Vietnamese consumers’ purchasing intention. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 8(1), 951-960. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2021.vol8.no1.951
  • Olmedo, A., Milner‐Gulland, E. J., Challender, D. W., Cugnière, L., Dao, H. T. T., Nguyen, L. B., & Veríssimo, D. (2020). A scoping review of celebrity endorsement in environmental campaigns and evidence for its effectiveness. Conservation Science and Practice, 2(10), e261. https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.261
  • Osei-Frimpong, K., Donkor, G., & Owusu-Frimpong, N. (2019). The impact of celebrity endorsement on consumer purchase intention: An emerging market perspective. Journal of marketing theory and practice, 27(1), 103-121. https://doi.org/10.1080/10696679.2018.1534070
  • Peña-García, N., Gil-Saura, I., Rodríguez-Orejuela, A., & Siqueira-Junior, J. R. (2020). Purchase intention and purchase behavior online: A cross-cultural approach. Heliyon, 6(6), e04284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04284
  • Rahman, M. T., Misbah, H. B. H., Shukor, S. B. A., & Mowla, M. (2021). Do celebrity endorsement and reputable companies TV ads effect on middle-class consumer purchase decision of fast-moving consumer goods? A study in Bangladesh. Review of International Geographical Education Online, 11(5), 3715-3736. https://doi.org/10.48047/rigeo.11.05.257
  • Ramesh, K., Saha, R., Goswami, S., & Dahiya, R. (2019). Consumer’s response to CSR activities: Mediating role of brand image and brand attitude. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 26(2), 377-387. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1689
  • Razak, N., Themba, O. S., & Sjahruddin, H. (2019). Brand awareness as predictors of repurchase intention: Brand attitude as a moderator. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.14738/assrj.62.6264
  • Sabirov, O. S., Berdiyarov, B. T., Yusupov, A. S., Absalamov, A. T., & Berdibekov, A. I. U. (2021). Improving ways to increase the attitude of the investment environment. Revista Geintec-Gestao Inovacao E Tecnologias, 11(2), 1961-1975. https://doi.org/10.47059/revistageintec.v11i2.1811
  • Sallam, M. A., & Algammash, F. A. (2016). The effect of attitude toward advertisement on attitude toward brand and purchase intention. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, 4(2), 509-520.
  • Santoso, A., Bidayati, U., & Hendar, H. (2019). Factors influencing online purchase intention: A consumer behavioral study on Indonesia.
  • Saputro, Y., & Prihandono, D. (2018). Television advertising effectiveness in mediating advertising creativity and advertising frequency influence toward customer purchase intention. Management Analysis Journal, 7(2), 201-210.
  • Sasmita, J., & Suki, N. M. (2015). Young consumers’ insights on brand equity: Effects of brand association, brand loyalty, brand awareness, and brand image. International journal of retail & distribution management. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJRDM-02-2014-0024
  • Saydan, R., & Dülek, B. (2019). The impact of social media advertisement awareness on brand awareness, brand image, brand attitude and brand loyalty: A research on university students. International Journal of Contemporary Economics and Administrative Sciences, 9(2), 470-494. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3596116
  • Schafer, R. (2019). The analytic attitude. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429481024
  • Shah, H., Aziz, A., Jaffari, A. R., Waris, S., Ejaz, W., Fatima, M., and Sherazi., K. (2012). The impact of brands on consumer purchase intentions. Asian Journal of Business Management 4(2), 105-110
  • Shahid, Z., Hussain, T., & Zafar, F. (2017). The impact of brand awareness on the consumers’ purchase intention. Journal of Marketing and Consumer Research, 33(3), 34-38.
  • Sharma, A., Mehtab, R., Mohan, S., & Shah, M. K. M. (2021). Augmented reality–an important aspect of Industry 4.0. Industrial Robot: the international journal of robotics research and application. https://doi.org/10.1108/IR-09-2021-0204
  • Singh, R. P., & Banerjee, N. (2018). Exploring the influence of celebrity credibility on brand attitude, advertisement attitude and purchase intention. Global Business Review, 19(6), 1622-1639. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150918794974
  • Surana, R. (2008). The effectiveness of celebrity endorsement in India [Master’s thesis, The University of Nottingham].
  • Tariq, M., Abbas, T., Abrar, M., & Iqbal, A. (2017). EWOM and brand awareness impact on consumer purchase intention: mediating role of brand image. Pakistan Administrative Review, 1(1), 84-102.
  • Thomas, M. J., Wirtz, B. W., & Weyerer, J. C. (2019). Determinants of online review credibility and its impact on consumers’ purchase intention. Journal of Electronic Commerce Research, 20(1), 1-20.
  • Thomas, T., Singh, N., & Ambady, K. G. (2020). Effect of ethnocentrism and attitude towards foreign brands in purchase decision. Vision, 24(3), 320-329. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972262919867509
  • Tsai, M. C. (2020). Storytelling advertising investment profits in marketing: From the perspective of consumers’ purchase intention. Mathematics, 8(10), 1704. https://doi.org/10.3390/math8101704
  • Venkateswara Rao, M. K., & Elavarasan, R. (2022). Role of brand equity in the purchase intention-a study with reference to FMCG consumers in chennai city. Specialusis Ugdymas, 1(43), 1207-1216.
  • Wedel, M., Bigné, E., & Zhang, J. (2020). Virtual and augmented reality: Advancing research in consumer marketing. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 37(3), 443-465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijresmar.2020.04.004
  • Yang, R., & Chee, T. (2020). Do social ties matter for purchase frequency? The role of buyers’ attitude towards social media marketing. Computers in Human Behavior, 110, 106376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106376
  • Yang, W. (2018). Star power: the evolution of celebrity endorsement research. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-09-2016-0543
  • Younus, S., Rasheed, F., & Zia, A. (2015). Identifying the factors affecting customer purchase intention. Global Journal of Management and Business Research.
  • Zafar, A. U., Shen, J., Ashfaq, M., & Shahzad, M. (2021). Social media and sustainable purchasing attitude: Role of trust in social media and environmental effectiveness. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 63, 102751. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2021.102751
  • Zhang, H., Xu, H., & Gursoy, D. (2020). The effect of celebrity endorsement on destination brand love: A comparison of previous visitors and potential tourists. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 17, 100454. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2020.100454
  • Zipporah, M. M., & Mberia, H. K. (2014). The effects of celebrity endorsement in advertisements. International Journal of Academic Research in Economics and Management Sciences, 3(5), 178. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJAREMS/v3-i5/1250